National parks are protected havens for wildlife and ecosystems. They safeguard biodiversity, stunning landscapes and offer opportunities for research, education and responsible recreation. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 empowers both State and Central governments to declare national parks (Sections 35 & 38) with clearly defined boundaries (Section 35). These sanctuaries prioritize wildlife conservation by …
.The mountain chain of the Western Ghats represents geomorphic features of immense importance with unique biophysical and ecological processes. Its high montane forest ecosystems influence the Indian monsoon weather pattern. Moderating the tropical climate of the region, it presents one of the best examples of the monsoon system in the planet. The area also has …
The concept of Biosphere Reserves was introduced by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) under its Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) during 1971. A Biosphere Reserve is voluntary, co-operative, conservation area created to protect the biological and cultural diversity of a region while promoting sustainable economic development. It is a place where …
Community reserves in India are protected areas established under the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002. These reserves, typically private or community land not comprised within any existing protected areas, are declared to conserve significant Flora and Fauna mostly in human use areas. The Kadalundi-Vallikunnu Community Reserve (KVCR) holds the distinction of being the first …
Tiger reserves are crucial sanctuaries established to conserve the majestic Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris), a vital part of India’s ecological heritage. Recognizing the dwindling tiger population, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, was amended in 2006 to establish the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and empower states to notify areas as tiger reserves under Section 38V. …
The Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) is a majestic species facing significant conservation challenges. Recognizing this critical need, the Government of India (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), in collaboration with State Forest Departments, has established designated areas known as Elephant Reserves. These reserves prioritize the protection …
Wildlife sanctuaries are designated havens for India’s diverse species and ecosystems. Legally protected under the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, they protect habitats, manage populations, and combat threats. Each sanctuary is zoned for specific purposes: core areas untouched, buffer zones with controlled activities, and tourism zones for responsible exploration. These sanctuaries not only safeguard endangered …